Process for making paper-pulp.



B. F. A. SAYLOR.

PROCESS FOR MAKING PAPER PULP.

APPLIOATION FILED. mms, 1910.

Patented Sept. 26, 1911 rtognclp' sin-Aims crimen., c

" m'umnnmmtsarmn, or ROME, annahm:

Bananes-iron .MAKINGQABEBAPULL Be it known'that IfBiiNJAMrN'F Af.- SAYJ' Lon, a citizen of theUnited y States, residing at Rome, in thecounty'of Floyd and State of Georgia, have inventedl certainnew and useful Improvements in Processes -forMak- States, 'turpentine and rosin being obtained'v as by-products. y l

The object 'of v"m'yfinvention'is .to make paper pulp from stumps,'roots, chips, andl 2'0the refuse of ine Woods generally, for'ex; ample, the re use of 'saw mills', and at the same time to save the rosin and tu entine in said Wood as by-products. y my method, anA excellent article of paper pulp is made from What has hitherto'vbeen considered as Worthless material and in fact al source of expense in clearing land.' Hitherto such wood hasbeen very Worthless for pulp making purposes, because the rosin, turpentine, and `slmilar resinous materials therein revent the sulphite or soda'liqucr from suitably attacking the Wood fiber so as to produce agood article of Wood pulp, butl by my invention' all `these materials are 'thoroughly removed from the Wood'. and I' am enabled to produce an excellent pulp, admirably suitedfor paper making, the Whole expense of the process being more V than compensated for by the value of the 40'by-products. i

" The accompanyinI drawing shows, in

vertical section, partly in elevation, an ap-- paratus used in carrying, out m process.,`

1 is a steel cylinder, provi ed withA a 4 5 jacket 2. vThe cylinder and jacket lare fastened together b the spacin bolts 3 in the usual manner.` n the outsi e, the jacket is provided `with metal brackets 4, bolted thereto, and inclined angle bars 5 are bolted toy "said brackets, thus supporting the cylinder;

These angle bars ,may be united so as vto form a frame, if desired, but 'any suitable means for supporting the cylindermay be used. The bottom lof the lcylinder is rounded,` 'as shown in the figure, and is provided with sp'emeauqnnf Le'ttersrtena Bammdeppi. 26;r 191 1; Applicant maiinplaats,"v 191e semamazsemsa a falsebo'ttomG,

or olf-'heavy` wird 7 l represents a pipe for supplying 'steam to the apparatus, and"a'b1"anclf1A pipe '-8,' pro'y made -ofperfrated :metal l vided with a valve 9,- connects this cylinder with the jacket.' Av similar branch pipe" 10 provided withal check|` valve lland hand valve'12, connects the supply top 'of therylinder. Similarly, the-branchn pipe 13,' -provided- 'with a ycheck valve-14` 'and'v pipe with the f a'hand valve 15, connects lthe-steam-.supplypipe vvith thebottonx-l ofthe cylinder, lenterI 'mg' said cylinder beneath lthe 'falsebottom.=

g1 `lrepresents la small steam pipe, provided` with agvalve l17, which-enters the bottom of the cylmderand is then bent-` over anddownyvard, with its end justf'above the rosin'discharge'pi-pe 18, Whichgisprovide'd with a v l'valve 19. Thesteam. ipe-16`fisfo'rthe'pur` 'pose of- 'clearing putt el-pipe 18'if therosin' shouldhappen to'clog up said pipe; l 20"'represents a` discharge# p1pe"for ;the

Water of condensation, and is Aprovided 'with a valve -21 land enters the jacket 2 near its lowest point. Steam gages 22 and 23 are provided, which are connected, respectively, with'the jacket andwith the interner-of the cylinder, so that" the" pressure ythereinmay," at all times be clearly shown. I :have also shown a safety valve 24', connectedl witltT the jacket,'but th1s is notreally-necessary;

In the top of' the cylinder,f which' is curved,l an' opening.' is made about 'fourteen inches in diameter, ordinarilyclosed'by the manhole cover-25, this-opening'being provided-'for th purpose of chargingV the`cylinder with fthe materiall to be treated.. y i 26 represents" a'hopper, withits discharge" end'located abovethe manholeyso that'fthe charging, 'of the cylindermay be readilyef-T .ifected'v Connected'tothe-centerof thetop of the cylinder is a'ndischarge pipe 27 for thetur' pentine vapors,l whichn may be'.- clo'sed when p esiredjby the va1vef28r` The pipe27"termi' nates in'a Worm-located'in an ordina 'coni denser29,-and the turpentine is delivered intojasuitable rceptacle'30." Connected to the ltopof the'cylinderandf runningthroughv the 'jacketisa' pipe--31`,"

provided with la valve 32, which: pipe'leads to a vacuumpump 33,'of rdinaiyconstruction.y f J 34'is' a pipe for 'conducting'th'e soda'so'lw: tion into the top of the tank,` and is 'pro-'r o vided 'with a valve 35; 36 represents `the discharge pipe for the material after it has .being treated, a- Y valve, provided with a.

handwheel 37', being provided. l' Below the pipe 18, is located a smallhopper-shaped receptacle`38, which lleadsr into the top of the rosin still 39, being provided .with a valve 40. This rosin still is connected to a condenser 4l, of the ordinary type, by a 1Q pipe 42, terminating in a worm 43, which delivers into a receptacle 44.- 45 `represents a `Steam pipe, -passing through said still, through which steam may be passed'to heat the same, when desired.

In carrying out my invention, I take pine wood and reduce it to small chips approxi# mately a half an inch long 'and from an eighth to a quarter .of an inch in thickness and fill the cylinder 1 therewith nearly to the top, putting in, at'thesame time, about 10 pounds per cord vof dry caustic soda. The cylinderl is about 30 feet high and 10 feet in diameter, and will hold 5 or more cords of chips. The manhole cover is then 25 closed, the valves 12, 28, 1,9, 35, 17, and 37v being closed, andthe valve 3,2 in the--pipe leading to the air pum opened, and the valves 9 and 15, leading into the jacket. and y lower partv of the cylinder, respectively, being slightly opened. Steam is allowed to lowln 1n small quantities and under a low pressure, which warms up the cylinder land the con- \ten ts thereof and rarees the air, the Vacuum pump 33 being at the same time kept in 35 operation. After this preliminary heating `has continuedfor a vshort time, all the air hasbeen drawn out of the cylinder 1, being replaced by steam, the valves'9 and 15 are then closed,`and the vacuum pump is putfin 40 operation until practically a perfect vacuum has been obtained. wit-hin the cylinder 1.

This preliminary operation takes about twenty minutes. Thisremoval of the air from the interior of the cylinder, before the latter becomes heated up to any greatdegrec, is of reat importance. It prevents the charring o -the-chips and the discolor'ing ofl the turpentine and rosin, defects that are incident to all the processes known to me.. 5o After practically a perfect vacuum has been obtained within thevcylinder 1, I close thev valve 32 and, all theoutlets'from the digester or cylinder 1 being closed, the valves 9, 12 and 15, are opened wide and the steam is rushed into the jacket and digester or 'cylinderl as fast as possible, until a pressure of from' 80 to 100 pounds to the square inch has been obtained within the cyllnder and within the jacket. This heating operation is continued for about an hour, durlng which `timethe turpentine has been separated from the'wood and the melted rosin goes to 'the bottom vofv thestill. The valve 28 is then l opened and the heating is continued for about two hours longer.` During thesetwo hours,

the turpentine and steam escape together through the pipe 27 and are delivered into the receptacle 30 after being condensed in the condenser 29. They are then separated in the usual manner. After about three .70 hours of this treatment, the valvesv 28 and 15 .are closed, leaving the valve 12 still open, and the valve 19 in the pipe 18 is opened, whereupon the steam pressure presses the rosin which has collected below the false bottom 6 through thepipe 18 into the hopper 38, from which it is conducted to the turpentine still 39. The valve12 is then closed. At Athe end of this treatment there still remains considerablerosin in the wood, about two.- so thirds of thev original quantity. j Up to the present time, it had been supposed that by three hours of heating all the turpentine would have been recovered that can be recovered, and in thisthree hours treatment only about one-third of the rosin .had been removed fromthe wood, but I havediscovered that about 8 gallons more of turpentine per cord of wood can be recovered, and that practically all of the remaining rosin can be recovered. f' The wood is reduced to a pulp in the digester or cylinder 1 without removal therefrom in the following manner z-After the rosin first' accumulated has been discharged 95 through the pipe 18, the valve 19, is closed' and a solution of caustic soda, at a strength of 15 Baume, is forced in through the pipe 34 under a pressure greater than the pres# sure still existing in the cylinder 1, the valve 35 being opened. Enough of this solution of caustic soda is introduced to completely cover the chips. Thevalve 35 is then closed, the valves 12 and 15'are opened and steam is introduced into the digester or vcylinder land the jacket, until the pressure has been brought up to about 120 pounds in the cylinder and jacket, and this condition is maintained for about five hours, all the Valves to the cylinder ybeing closed except the steam inlet valve 12.

ySoon after the increased pressure is put into the digester, the valve 28 is opened for A 4a short. time and the remaining turpentine is allowed to escape. This amounts to about eight gallons per cord andis a clear gain on any of the previous processes. The pressure of pounds,l however, is still kept 4up inthe cylinder until the wood is reduced to a pulpy mass. The chips `,are f treated 120 with this soda solution for ,about five hours, the rosin meanwhile collecting and settling below the false bottom 6.. At'the end of an -ho-ur and a half, however, I open the valve 19 and allow the rosin which has collected 125 to `escape ythrough the pipe-18. Thervalve `19 is then closed.v At theend of this treat-l ment of tive or six hours, the wood has been completely changed into a first class article for -makingpaper pulp. The valve 15 is 130 then closed and the valve 19 opened for a short time. The pressure inthe digester or cylinder forces out the solution of caustic soda', this solution bein delivered by the pipe 18 into a suitab e receptacle (not shown), from whence it is led away to an evaporator (not shown) and treated in the usual manner. The. valve 19 is then closed and the valve 37 opened, whereupon the pulpy-material is discharged with considerable force through the pipe 36 and is conducted to the washer, the subsequent operations of washing and beating being of the well known type. -As it leaves the cylinder or digester 1 however, it is completely reduced to a fibrous cellulose, which,y after being washed, is admirably adapted for making paper. 4

The whole treatment can be completed in ten hours, after which the cellulose is washed and beaten in the usual manner.

Having thus described myl invention, I claim 1. The process of making paper pulp from resinous wood which consists in treating the wood with steam under pressure, and caustic soda in a closed vessel and extracting lthe rosin and turpentine therefrom; then raising the pressure of the steam and adding to the wood 15 Baum caustic alkali solution sutiicient to disintegrate thewood and recovering the rosin remaining in the wood; and finally withdrawing the pulpy mass from the vessel, substantially as described;

2. The process of making paper pulp from resinous wood, which consists in extracting the turpentine and rosin therefrom by charging the wood, mixed with a small percentage of'caustic soda, into a closed vessel, creating avacuum in' said vessel, at the same time admitting `a small quantity of steam thereinto, then heating said vessel on the inside and outside by steam, under a pressure of between to 100 pounds, continuin this heating for some time, then allowing t e turpenjecting the wood, mixed with a small percentage of dry caustic soda,'in a closedv vessel, to the actlon of steam under a low pressure, and creating a vacuum in said vessel, whereby the air is entirely removed from the interior of said vessel, 'then subjecting said vessel, both on the inside and outside, to a steam pressure of from 80 to 100 pounds, this action being continued for about an hour, then allowing theturpentine to escape from the top of saidivessel and the rosln from the bottom of said vessel, the steam pressure being still kept up, then closing the outlets from said vessel and submer ing the wood in a solution of caustic so a of a strength of about 15 Baum, raising the steam pressure, bothl inside and outside of said vessel, to about ounds, again allowing the turpentine and) rosin to escape, this action being continued for five or six hours, and finally withdrawing the pulpy mass from the vessel, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signa-4 ture, in presence of two witnesses.,

- BENJAMIN F. A. SAYLOR.

` Witnesses: I l

R. M. PARKER,

B. A. DAILEY. 

